ABSTRACT
The effect of various parameters on the removal of metal ions (Zinc and Cadmium) by adsorption using coconut shell coke is investigated. The time of contact, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, volume of the adsorbate solution, size of the adsorbent particle and the effect of the presence of another metal at various concentrations are the parameters studied. The adsorption isotherms so obtained in this study followed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms showing a marginal average deviation.
Subject(s)
Adsorption , Cadmium/chemistry , Charcoal , Cocos , Particle Size , Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification , Water Purification/methods , Zinc/chemistryABSTRACT
A 22 years male patient presented with recurrent seizures, CT and MRI diagnosis of tuberculoma was made and the patient was treated. When seizures persisted, a craniotomy was done and the excised mass revealed an abscess with a segment of broad solid non-cavitory body, wall with no scolex and loose stroma and smooth muscle fibers. A diagnosis of sparganosis cerebral abscess was made. The case is reported in view of the rarity of cerebral sparganosis in India and the need for awareness of the entity in India.
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Recurrence , Seizures/diagnosis , Sparganosis/complications , Sparganum/isolation & purification , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/diagnosisABSTRACT
Interictal EEG spike field potentials by visual and quantitative EEG analysis were studied in 17 patients with intractable localization related epilepsy. Quantitative EEG analysis was done using commercially available window based computer program (Focus) that displayed digitally acquired EEG data and performed spline mapping. Routine EEG localized 20 spikes. Fourteen spikes had excellent congruence between manual and computer generated mapping, 6 had good congruence, and 1 had fair congruence. This study clearly proves the usefulness of spline interpolation mapping technique in localizing and characterizing the epileptiform focus.
Subject(s)
Action Potentials , Adolescent , Adult , Brain/physiopathology , Brain Mapping/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Physiologic , SoftwareSubject(s)
Contraception Behavior , Family Planning Services , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , India , PregnancyABSTRACT
It is seen that outcome of animal bites is influenced by various factors including the treatment procedures practiced by health care providers (HCPs). A cross sectional study of health care providers was conducted during May 2000 in PHC Kurali and Naraingarh town of community development block Naraingarh in district Ambala, Haryana. A total of forty-four HCPs were interviewed at their health facility. They were asked about the qualification and number of years in practice. Health care providers were assessed for their knowledge regarding history taking, immediate management of animal bite, post bite anti-rabies treatment, follow up advice and availability of vaccines. Pre-exposure prophylaxis was known to 18.8% of HCPs. Fifty-nine per cent of HCPs were confident in managing dog bites and 93.1% knew about tissue culture vaccine. Vaccine cost was the commonest barrier (38.8%) in the management of animal bites. This study shows a gross difference between awareness and actual practice of management of animal bites.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Bites and Stings/complications , Camelus , Cats , Cattle , Clinical Competence , Community Health Workers/standards , Dogs , Haplorhini , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Horses , Humans , India , Interviews as Topic , Medical History Taking , Rabies/complications , Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage , RodentiaABSTRACT
Non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory cysts of the central nervous system may cause symptoms because of pressure, rupture or secondary inflammation. A total of 145 cases of cysts were reviewed during a study period of 12 years. The clinical details and histological features were noted in all cases. During this period 53 epidermoid cysts, 16 dermoid cysts, 38 colloid cysts, 23 arachnoid cysts, 5 neurenteric cysts, 5 ependymal and glial cysts, 2 Rathke's cleft cysts and 3 unclassified cysts were encountered. The possible histogenesis is also discussed.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Central Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cysts/pathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
In recent years neurological and neurosurgical intensive care (NNICU) has evolved into a well-recognized subspeciality world over. However it is still a novel concept in the developing world. The admission criteria are variable and flexible. The pattern of disease in the NNICU varies according to the admission policy. In the west, cerebrovascular diseases account for a significant proportion of admissions. In a few studies from the developing countries infections of central nervous system are additional causes requiring intensive care. At our center the disease admission pattern was similar to the pattern reported from the developed countries. Predictors of outcome of neurointensive care have not been systematically evaluated. Limited available data concerns patients of neurotrauma. In addition to the disease severity indices, pre-existing chronic illness, adverse events during ICU stay, and the 24-hour presence of a physician also influence patient outcome in the NNICU.
Subject(s)
Developed Countries , Developing Countries , Humans , India , Critical Care/organization & administration , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Nervous System Diseases/classification , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Focal myositis is a rare idiopathic form of inflammatory myositis involving a single muscle. The presentation is often as a soft tissue pseudotumour. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful noninvasive imaging modality to demonstrate focal nature of the lesion. We describe three patients presenting as pseudotumour of the lower leg. MRI showed hyperintense signals in the involved muscle.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Granuloma, Plasma Cell/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Myositis/pathologyABSTRACT
Mycotic aneurysms on the branches of vertebro basilar artery are rare. A patient of infective endocarditis with mycotic aneurysm on the posterior cerebral artery is described. The aneurysm resolved with medical therapy. Controversies regarding the management of mycotic aneurysms are discussed.
Subject(s)
Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Basilar Artery/microbiology , Ceftriaxone/administration & dosage , Cephalosporins/administration & dosage , Cerebral Angiography , Endocarditis/complications , Gentamicins/administration & dosage , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnosis , Male , Vertebral Artery/microbiologyABSTRACT
AIM: To study the pattern of central nervous system aspergillosis in a tropical country. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Case records of patients with CNS aspergillosis seen by the authors in a university hospital in south India were reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 21 patients seen during the study period, 16 (76%) patients had intracranial invasion by contiguous spread from paranasal sinuses and one had from ear. Predisposing risk factors were present in two (12.5%) patients with sinocranial aspergillosis and in both patients with disseminated form. Skull bases syndromes were the presenting features in 13 patients, six patients presented with features of intracranial space occupying lesion and two patients had stroke like presentation. CT scans showed intracranial extradural contrast enhancing mass lesions in the anterior, middle or posterior cranial fossa in addition to mass lesions in the paranasal sinuses in 13 patients with sinocranial aspergillosis and in seven orbital lesions. Intracerebral contrast enhancing mass lesion was the CT finding in both the patients with solitary cerebral aspergillus granuloma and in the patient with otocranial aspergillus granuloma. Well-formed granuloma with dense fibrosis was the histological feature in patients with sinocranial and otocranial aspergillosis. Angioinvasion was the pathological feature in both the patients with disseminated form of aspergillosis. Surgical treatment was sub-radical in our series. Survival rates were not good even after surgical and antifungal chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that in this part of the world sinocranial aspergillosis is the most common form of histologically verified CNS aspergillosis. Associated predisposing factors and immune status of the host determine the clinical syndrome and type of pathology in patients with CNS aspergillosis.
Subject(s)
Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus fumigatus , Brain/pathology , Humans , Meningitis, Fungal/diagnosis , Otitis Media/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Survival Rate , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tropical ClimateABSTRACT
Mouse melanoma cells were treated with plumbagin, a naphthoquinone, from the plant Plumbago rosea at 0.5 microgram/ml (PI) for 60 min either alone or followed by 2 Gy gamma radiation (RT). Response to the different treatments was assessed by following the cell growth up to 5 days post treatment. PI alone produced a significant decrease in the cell count on days 3 and 4, whereas RT treatment significantly enhanced the growth inhibitory effect when compared to RT or PI alone. These findings suggests the radiosensitizing effect of PI on mouse melanoma cells in vitro, supporting the earlier in vivo findings.